JASMINE JABASINGH

1) The diagram illustrates some of the processes carried out by living organisms. Which characteristic of living organisms is represented by arrow X? A excretion B nutrition C respiration D sensitivity 2) What is a correct way of naming a species, according to the binomial system? A Homo sapiens B Homo Sapiens C human being D sapiens 3) The diagram shows four arthropods. How many of these arthropods are insects? A 1                                    B 2                                    C 3                                    D 4 4) The key can be used to distinguish between four different chemical substances. Use the key to identify which substance could be a protein. 1 contains the element carbon ........................................... go to 2    does not contain carbon .................................................. A 2 contains the element nitrogen ......................................... B    does not contain nitrogen .......................................

1) What was the impact on Germany of the Versailles Treaty and how did Germany react to it? 2) How far Were Wilson's, Lloyd Georg's and Clemenceau's aims in the Paris Peace Conference compatible? 3) The treaties at the end of the First World War were certainly not fair but then there was no possibility that they could have been fair. To what extent do you agree wit this judgment? 4) Describe the military restrictions imposed on Germany by the Treaty of Versailles. 5) Explain why Germans felt humiliated by the Treaty of Versailles. 6) To what extent was the Treaty of Versailles justifiable at the time? 7) The organization and of the League were very significant in causing its eventual failure'. Do you agree? 8) If the LON had been supported by the US and an army, then the League could have been very effective in preventing wars'. How far do you agree? 9) In 1939 the second world war began. Does this mean that the LON failed? 10) "Great powers disagreement cau

What was the Great Depression?                With overproduction and falling demand, the capitalist economies broke down. The Great was a series of connected economic changes that hit the world's countries from 1929 and lasted well in to the 1930's. Factories closed, farmers went bankrupt and millions lost their jobs and joined long lines of the unemployed.                Starting in the US, it US banks had lent money to business in European countries; when the Wall Street Crash happened the lenders wanted their money back. How did t he Great Depression lead to collapse of International Peace?                When the Great Depression took place, Japan couldn't get any resources from the United States of America, and therefore it invaded Manchuria in China. At this time LON didn't take any actions against Japan. So LON was seen powerless and inefficient, during that time and this lead to collapse of Peace.

            Three key events made it obvious to the world that the League was ineffective when faced with countries that pursued national rather than international interests. The failure of the Disarmament Conference. In the peace settlement, disarmament was a feature of the treaties- but it was only the losers who were made to disarm. The Japanese invasion of Manchuria. The Great Depression meant that Japan's exports were finding fewer customers and so claiming less income. Japan was not self-sufficient in food, so needed this income for vital imports. On 18 September, a bomb exploded on the south Manchurian railway. Immediately after the explosion part of Kwantung Army moved quickly to take over the town of Mukden. China appealed to the League but the response was so weak. The Italian invasion of Abyssinia Italy's interest in Abyssinia was long-standing. In 1896, Italy had attempted an invasion , but failed. Once Mussolini took power in the 1920s, the dream of conquering Abys

The new international organization had three main parts: the Secretariat, Assembly and the Council. From the very beginning the organization of the League had several weakness. First, it was established by the Treaty of Versailles, The Germans hated the treaty and the Italians and Japanese disliked part of it. so the League was not fully supported. Second, the Assembly could only make a decision by a unanimous vote, and on the council. All members had a veto. When there was a crisis, it was very hard to agree on what to do. Even when decisions were made the League had no army to enforce them. Third, The League had no army of its own to ensure its decision were followed through. This was particular importance when the League faced serious challenges in the 1930s from Italy's Abyssinian and from Japan (in Manchuria).

How Successful was the League in the 1920's? In its first ten years the League dealt with thirty disputes between states. Now we need to look at some specific examples. A. The Aland Islands                They are located between Sweden and Finland and both countries claimed them. Although 95% of the population was ethnic Swedes, the islands belonged to Finland. In June 1920, the dispute was referred to the Council of the League of Nations. The conclusion was that the island should stay under Finland's rule. This was because to ward the Aland islands to Sweden would set a dangerous precedent other Swedish communities living in Finland might make similar claims. Outside the area, other minority groups in Europe might want to do the same. B. The Corfu incident, 1923                An Italian, General Tellini, and four of his assistants, who had been marking out the new boarder between Albania and Greece for the Conference of Ambassador's were murdered. The Greek au

What was the impact of the peace treaty on Germany up to 1923?                Germans responded to the Treaty of Versailles with demonstrations and hostile reports in the press. The main criticism was that the treaty was too harsh on Germany. In general terms, Germans disliked four features of the Treaty of Versailles: The peace treaty has been a diktat. There were no negotiations. Germans felt bitter at being held responsible for causing the war. The Allies had demanded reparations from Germany. The exact sum was not fixed at Versailles. The tiny army of just 100,000 soldiers meant that Germany was not able defend itself. What impact did the treaty have on German politics?                The impact was deep and long-lasting. Most unofficial groups hated the Weimar politicians for signing the treaty and wanted an opportunity to turn back the clock. In March 1920, under the command of Wolfgang Kapp, some of them staged a coup in the capital of Berlin.                Economic imp

What were the motives and the aims of the Big Three at the Versailles?           'You hold in your hands the future of the world' with these words the president of France opened the Paris Peace Conference on January 18 th 1919. National leaders and their delegations from 32 countries had to decide what should happen now that the First World War was over.           The delegation worked for six months to produce the Treaty of Versailles, but this Treaty only related to Germany, the lead country of the Central Powers. Of all the countries that were represented at at Paris, the leaders of the US, Britain and France were the most important decision makers. Knowing that the French Public was behind him, Clemenceau demanded tough measures to hurt Germany. His aims included: the disarmament of Germany's army, navy and Air Force. high reparation to pay all the damages. the return of Alsace and Loraine. the Rhineland to be made an independent state so that there was a 'buffer

The Treaty of Versailles and its allies at Versailles brought fierce criticism. What features of the Treaty of Versailles were shared by the other peace treaties of 1919-1920?           The main terms of the Treaty of Versailles were that Germany has to accept blame for starting the war, had to pay reparations, undertake disarmament, give away its territories, in addition, Wilson's 14 points were neglected, Germany was not invited to join LON, furthermore Germany was forced to accept a harsh treaty without any choice. Similarly, the other treaties were imposed on Germany's allies based on similar principles. They are as follows: Treaty of St Germain (1919) - Dealt with Austria, its army was limited to 30,000 men, it was forbidden to unite with Germany. The Austro-Hungary empire was broken up, creating a patchwork of new states, and many of these states contained large minorities of Germans. Austria suffered severe economic problems as a result of the Treaty. Treaty of Neuill

In 1930s Hitler threatened world peace. What happened in Saar in 1935?           In January 1935, A plebiscite was held. This was in accordance with the terms of Treaty of Versailles. Voters were asked whether wanted the Saar to remain under the League of Nations. The alternatives were to return to Germany or become part of France. The League provided an international force over 3000 troops to maintain the peace. The troops came from Britain, the Netherlands, Italy and Sweden. There were accusations of intimidation on the part of German. Over 90% of people voted to return to Germany. Just under 9% wanted to stay under the League of Nations, less than half of 1% wanted to join France. Germany had regained its first peace of lost territory by legal and powerful means. It was a tremendous propaganda success for Hitler. It gave Hitler confidence to continue with his plans. Why was the remilitarisation of the Rhineland a risk for Hitler?           Hitler realised that marching into

  By 1939 the League of Nations had failed in its role of preventing world peace. Describe the work of the League's International Labour Organisation (ILO)           League's International Labour Organisation was established in 1919, by the Treaty of Versailles as an affiliated agency of League of Nations. ILO was directed by a Frenchman , Albert Thomas. The ILO brought together the employers, government and workers' representatives once a year. Its aim was to improve the condition of working people throughout the world. The League's International Labour Organisation collected statistics and information about working conditions and it tried to persuade member countries to adopt its suggestions. It specified adequate minimum wages, it introduced sickness and unemployment benefit and old age pensions. It successfully banned poisonous white lead from paint. It limited the hours small children were allowed to work. The ILO hoped to improve the safety of workers. Why did